The theory of electrodynamic space - time relativity ( Revision 3 )

The theory of electrodynamic space-time relativity (TESTR) is the study of the transformation of time and space between two electrodynamic inertial frames of reference, which have both inertial velocity difference and electric potential difference. It is a fundamental space-time theory of theoretical physics based on the Einstein’s special theory of relativity (STR), the electric potential limit postulate and the high-precision experimental facts of the inversion proportional square law of Coulomb’s force. It also proposed new basic physical concepts, such as electric potential limit, quaternion velocity, quaternion electric potential and etc., revealing the inherent relationships between the quaternion velocity, the quaternion electric potential and time-space. This paper discusses in detail the process of establishing the theory of complex electrodynamic space-time relativity and theory of quaternion electrodynamic space-time relativity as well as their various conversions and transformations. At the same time, proved that the special theory of relativity is a special case of TESTR, and found another important special case: the theory of electric potential relativity (TEPR). The basic effects of TESTR were also discussed, proposing the equations for superposition of quaternion velocity, and quaternion potential of TESTR respectively. It predicts some important new space-time change effects, which provides theoretical basis for the experimental validation of TESTR. Keyword: Postulate of electric potential limit, theory of quaternion electrodynamic space-time relativity, theory of complex electrodynamic space-time relativity, special theory of relativity, theory of electric potential relativity Part 1. Postulate of electric potential limit Experiments have shown that electron is a point particle that does not occupy any space , and Coulomb’s inverse square law is established by high precision . However, based on these experimental facts and current electromagnetism, electron’s self-energy is calculated to be infinite. This is a recognized insuperable problem in modern electromagnetism. Even in the current quantum field theory, there are the more serious divergence difficulties – both electron self-energy and the charge are infinite. Even though through renormalization this problem can be avoided temporarily, but this divergence issue has not been solved fundamentally, and is a general occurrence in fundamental particles. From this, one can see that the basics theories of modern physics are not complete, and they need further development. Based on current electromagnetism, the superposition of electric potential is linear, that is, there is not an upper limit on electric potential or it can be infinite. This means that the energy of unit electric charge can be infinite. This conclusion is close related to the infinite electron self-energy. From the calculations based on Coulomb’s law, the electric potential at the center of electron is also infinite. After comprehensive analyses, an important conjecture can be obtained: There is an upper limit on electric potential. At present there is no experiment that can deny this conjecture. Therefore, it is logical to elevate this conjecture to become one of the basic postulates of a new physical theory. If there is a limit on electric potential, the Maxwell’s equations in electromagnetics will be modified. At the same time, because the Maxwell’s equations and the special theory of relativity are covariant, hence there must be a corresponding new expansion of the modern theory of space-time.